Untethered Soft Actuators by Liquid–Vapor Phase Transition: Remote and Programmable Actuation

Untethered Robotics In article number 1900109, Weitao Jiang, Hongzhong Liu, and co-workers propose a self-contained and untethered soft actuator induced by liquid-vapor phase transition, in which 160% stroke and 14.5 N output force could be photomechanically addressed. It provides a feasible approach for developing smart robotics applied in medical rehabilitation and terrestrial planets exploration.