Crowding perception predicts subway passengers' behavioral decision making during COVID-19 via risk awareness and safety perception

We studied the prediction mechanism of the effects of the crowding perception, risk awareness, and safety perception of subway passengers on their behavioral decision making in the context of COVID-19 as a public health safety crisis. We conducted a survey of 305 subway passengers in Zhejiang Province, China, and used structural equation modeling for data analysis. The results show that the crowding perception of the passengers did not directly predict their behavioral decision making. Rather, risk awareness and safety perception played a chain mediating role between the crowding perception and behavioral decision making of passengers. We further explored the theoretical and practical implications of our findings.