Theoretical analysis reveals a tripartite scale partition across physical mechanics, suggesting the quantum-classical boundary emerges naturally as a coarse-graining phase transition.
Quantum mechanics is not a universal theory. This paper establishes a rigorous tripartite partition of mechanical applicability based on the coarse-graining scale L_c within the Cosmic String-Field and Coarse-Graining Meta-Theory (CSF-CMT). Layer I (L_c ~ lstring): meta-field wave dynamics governing the first-space initial state Ψ_I⁽⁰⁾, where no particle concept, Hilbert space, or probability interpretation exists. Layer II (lstring L_c Lmacro): standard quantum mechanics as an emergent effective theory, where particles arise as coarse-grained excitations and the Heisenberg uncertainty relation manifests as an information-cutoff effect. Layer III (L_c → ∞): classical mechanics and deterministic geometry. The atomic horizon rAH is identified as the physical boundary between Layer I and Layer II. This partition resolves the century-old quantum-classical boundary problem by demonstrating it to be a natural phase transition in coarse-graining scale, not a mysterious wave-function collapse.
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单洁,kimik3,X. Ma, Independent Researcher, Institute for First-Space Ontology and Emergent Physics Email: maexiang@163.com; 15552786932@139.com; maexiang2026@Outlook.com (2026) studied this question.
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