Key result
PAI-1 4G/5G and C > G polymorphisms showed no significant association with coronary artery disease risk, with the 4G/5G+4G/4G genotype present in 68.3% of CAD patients vs 78.4% of controls.
Why the study?
Do PAI-1 4G/5G and C > G polymorphisms increase the risk of coronary artery disease or affect PAI-1 activity levels in an Egyptian population?
Case-Control (n=144)
No
Do PAI-1 4G/5G and C > G polymorphisms increase the risk of coronary artery disease or affect PAI-1 activity levels in an Egyptian population?
PAI-1 4G/5G and C > G polymorphisms are not significantly associated with overall coronary artery disease risk in this Egyptian cohort, although combined mutant alleles may be more frequent in STEMI.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May link PAI-1 variants to CAD risk; hypothesis-generating and requires validation before any clinical use.
Many genetic factors, including polymorphisms in the genes regulating blood coagulation and fibrinolysis have been proposed as risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). PAI-1 is the chief inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator and urokinase plasminogen activator. PAI-1 has a crucial role in regulation of fibrinolysis. Is to investigate the association between Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) 4G/5G, PAI-1C/G polymorphisms and CAD. In addition, studying the relation of these polymorphisms to the level of active PAI-1 in Egyptian patients presenting to a single tertiary center in Cairo. One hundred and forty-four patients were included in this study: 42 STEMI (ST elevation myocardial infarction) patients, 63 stable angina patients, and 39 as a control group. Detection of PAI-1 4G/5G and C > G polymorphisms was done using allele specific polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) respectively. Plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity was detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the studied CAD patients, PAI-14G/5G polymorphism showed 31.7%, and 68.3% for 5G/5G, and (4G/5G + 4G/4G) respectively; however for the control group, 5G/5G, and (4G/5G + 4G/4G) were detected in 21.6%, and 78.4% respectively (p value 0.59). The genotypic frequencies for PAI-1C/G in CAD patients accounted for 27% (CC), 73% (CG + GG); while in the control group these frequencies were 35.3%, and 64.7% respectively (p value 1.43). No significant association between PAI-1 4G/5G and C > G polymorphisms and the risk of coronary artery disease or the activity level of PAI-1 among the studied Egyptian population sample. However, STEMI patients showed significant presence of combined mutant allele of both genes more frequently.
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Al-Wakeel et al. (2018) conducted a case-control in Coronary artery disease (STEMI and stable angina) (n=144). PAI-1 4G/5G and C > G polymorphisms vs. Control group was evaluated on Frequency of PAI-1 4G/5G (4G/5G + 4G/4G) polymorphism (p=0.59). PAI-1 4G/5G and C > G polymorphisms showed no significant association with coronary artery disease risk, with the 4G/5G+4G/4G genotype present in 68.3% of CAD patients vs 78.4% of controls.
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