Features of Value Orientations of Teenagers with Signs of Social and Psychological Maladaptation

The article reflects the importance and necessity of studying value orientations of adolescents with socio-psychological maladjustment. The results of an empirical study of the hierarchical structure of value orientations of adolescents with signs of socio-psychological maladjustment are presented. Anxiety, unstable self-esteem, aggressiveness, depression, and deviant behavior are proposed to be considered as signs of socio-psychological maladjustment in adolescents. The article describes the results of an empirical study involving 165 students of grades 8-10 of general educational organizations in urban areas. The following methods were used in the study: a method for studying value orientations (M. Rokeach, modified by D. A. Leontiev); a test questionnaire of self-attitude “OSO” (V. V. Stolin, S. R. Pantileev); a scale for assessing the level of reactive and personal anxiety (Ch. D. Spielberger, adapted by Yu. L. Khanin); Depression scale (version for adolescents) (A. T. Beck); aggression questionnaire (BPAQ) (A. Bass, M. Perry); Methodology for diagnosing deviant behavior in minors (E. V. Leus, A. G. Soloviev). Based on the results of the psychodiagnostic study, two groups were formed: a risk group (teenagers with high rates of depression, anxiety, aggression, unstable self-esteem and deviant forms of behavior) and a norm group, whose representatives have low rates of the studied psychological phenomena. The obtained empirical data made it possible to identify the features of the value orientations of adolescents with signs of socio-psychological maladaptation by determining the difference in the hierarchical structure of terminal and instrumental values in comparison with the structure of value orientations of adapted adolescents. The connections between the values and signs of socio-psychological maladaptation of respondents in both groups were revealed, the features of the connections in each group separately were determined. The results of the study can contribute to the development of practical psychological and pedagogical tools for the formation of value orientations, as a way to prevent socio-psychological maladaptation of adolescents.