The hydration of the arterial wall is significantly influenced by the concentration of sodium bound to the protein-polysaccharide gel, which is increased in hypertension and can be reduced by divalent ions.
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Implicates sodium binding in arterial hydration in animals; leaves open relevance to human hypertension.
There is a statistically significant positive correlation between the total water content of the arterial wall and the concentration of sodium bound to negatively charged groups of the protein–polysaccharide gel. The fraction of water associated with the protein–polysaccharide gel is located almost exclusively in the inulin space, and is significantly increased in hypertension. The size of this fraction can be reduced by exchanging sodium—the main counterion under physiological conditions—for a divalent ion. There is no difference between calcium and magnesium in this regard. The configuration of the gel, which is given primarily by the relative concentration of the charged groups and the valency of the counterion, determines the size of the inulin space.
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Palatý et al. (1970) studied this question.
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