Key result
A novel bead-based multiplex assay allowed simultaneous detection of antibodies against ASFV and CSFV, achieving 97.3% sensitivity and 98.3% specificity for ASFV, and 95.7% sensitivity and 99.8% specificity for CSFV.
Why the study?
African swine fever and classical swine fever are clinically indistinguishable, increasing the need for laboratory tools capable of simultaneous differential diagnosis in areas where both viruses co-occur.
A novel triplex bead-based assay allows for the simultaneous and highly accurate differential detection of antibodies against African and Classical Swine Fever viruses.
Offers a promising tool for rapid differential surveillance of swine fever; leaves open its real-world.
African swine fever (ASF) and Classical swine fever (CSF) are both highly contagious diseases of domestic pigs and wild boar. In the last years, several cases of both diseases have been reported in the Caucasus, Russian Federation and Eastern Europe. Thus, the probability of encountering these two viruses in the same area is increasing. Since differentiation by clinical or post-mortem examination is not possible, laboratory tools for differential diagnosis are required. In the present work, we have developed a triplex bead-based assay using some of the most immunogenic antigens of each virus, for the simultaneous detection of antibodies; i.e. the VP72 and VP30 of ASF virus (ASFV) and the E2 protein of CSF virus (CSFV). The assay was firstly set up and optimized using well characterized reference serum samples specific for each pathogen. Then, a panel of 352 sera from experimentally infected animals with either ASFV or CSFV were analyzed in the multiplex assay. A collection of 253 field negative sera was also included in the study. The results of the multiplex analysis were compared to those obtained by two commercially available ELISAs for detection of antibodies against ASFV or CSFV, and considered in this study as the reference techniques. The data obtained showed values of 97.3% sensitivity and 98.3% specificity for detection of antibodies to ASFV and 95.7% of sensitivity and 99.8% specificity for detection of antibodies to CSFV. This multiplex assay allows the simultaneous and differential detection of antibodies against ASFV and CSFV, providing a valuable tool for surveillance studies. Moreover, this method is rather versatile, offering the possibility of increasing the panel of antigens from other swine diseases that could be of interest for a differential diagnosis along with ASF and CSF.
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Aira et al. (2019) studied African Swine Fever and Classical Swine Fever (n=605). Bead-based multiplex assay (VP72, VP30, E2) vs. Commercial ELISAs (INgezim 11.PPA.K3 and 11.PPC.K3) was evaluated on Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for ASFV and CSFV antibodies. A novel bead-based multiplex assay allowed simultaneous detection of antibodies against ASFV and CSFV, achieving 97.3% sensitivity and 98.3% specificity for ASFV, and 95.7% sensitivity and 99.8% specificity for CSFV.
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