Micromobility in sustainable urban transport: Safety challenges and regulatory responses

Micromobility has become an important component of urban transport, offering flexible and environmentally friendly solutions for short-distance travel. Electric scooters and bike-sharing systems are increasingly integrated into sustainable mobility strategies aimed at reducing emissions and reliance on private cars. However, their rapid expansion has introduced safety challenges, including increased crash rates, conflicts with pedestrians, and regulatory gaps. This paper examines the relationship between micromobility growth, safety risks, and regulatory responses based on recent literature and comparative analysis. Findings indicate that micromobility can improve sustainability and accessibility, but its success depends on integrating safety into infrastructure, regulation, and user behavior, consistent with the Safe System approach.