Key result
Feeding whole milk to growing pigs increased intestinal ANGPTL4 mRNA and fecal excretion of long-chain free fatty acids compared to soybean oil.
Whole milk consumption increases intestinal ANGPTL4 expression and fecal/urinary excretion of fatty acids in a pig model, suggesting an ANGPTL4-induced secretion of fecal FFAs and higher energy expenditure.
May enhance fecal FFA excretion via ANGPTL4 in pigs; hypothesis-generating and leaves open human translation.
The angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPLT4) protein is involved in lipid metabolism and is known to inhibit lipoprotein lipase in the bloodstream. We investigated the effect of milk on intestinal ANGPTL4 and the metabolic profile of growing pigs and the effect of free fatty acids (FFAs) on ANGPTL4 in ex vivo and in vitro assays. Feeding pigs whole milk increased intestinal ANGPTL4 mRNA and increased fecal excretion of long-chain FFA compared to the control group fed soybean oil (n = 9). Furthermore, FFAs (C4-C8) induced ANGPTL4 gene expression in porcine intestinal tissue mounted in Ussing chambers and ANGPTL4 protein secretion to both the apical and basolateral sides of intestinal Caco-2 cells on permeable membranes. Altogether, these results support an ANGPTL4-induced secretion of fecal FFAs. Urinary levels of FFAs (C4-C12), 3-hydroxyadipic acid, and suberic acid were also increased by milk consumption, indicating higher energy expenditure compared to the control group.
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Nielsen et al. (2016) studied this question. Whole milk vs. Soybean oil was evaluated on Intestinal ANGPTL4 mRNA and fecal excretion of long-chain FFA. Feeding whole milk to growing pigs increased intestinal ANGPTL4 mRNA and fecal excretion of long-chain free fatty acids compared to soybean oil.
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