Major adverse cardiovascular events in people with chronic kidney disease in relation to disease severity and diabetes status

Figures

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  Fig 1. Kaplan–Meier plots, with 95% confidence intervals, for time to first major adverse cardiovascular event by diabetes cohort and baseline eGFR category. a. Type 1 diabetes, b. Type 2 diabetes, c. Non-diabetes, d. Overall MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event. eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate. * Index date defined as the earlier of the patient’s first abnormal eGFR or, if available, first abnormal proteinuria record.

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  Fig 2. Kaplan–Meier plots, with 95% confidence intervals, for time to first major adverse cardiovascular event by diabetes cohort and nearest proteinuria category prior to event. a. Type 1 diabetes, b. Type 2 diabetes, c. Non-diabetes, d. Overall MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event. * Index date defined as the earlier of the patient’s first abnormal eGFR or, if available, first abnormal proteinuria record.

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  Fig 3. Adjusted hazard ratios for first major adverse cardiovascular event in type 2 diabetes, non-diabetes, and overall (combined types 1 and 2 diabetes and non-diabetes) cohorts. * Non-hypertension = systolic < 140, or diastolic < 90; stage 1 = 140 ≤ systolic blood pressure < 160, or 90 ≤ diastolic < 100; stage 2 = 160 ≤ systolic < 180, or 100 ≤ diastolic < 110; severe = systolic ≥ 180, or diastolic ≥ 110 (units = mmHg). ** Patient has a prior record of immunosuppressive disease or was prescribed an immunosuppressive therapy in the year prior to baseline. aHR, adjusted hazard ratio. CI, confidence interval. DM, diabetes. Non-DM, non-diabetes. T2DM, type 2 diabetes. ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. ARB, angiotensin II receptor antagonist. HbA1c, glycosylated haemoglobin.

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  Fig 4. Adjusted hazard ratios for first major adverse cardiovascular event by eGFR category and diabetes status in Cox models combining type 2 and non-diabetes cohorts. eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate. aHR, adjusted hazard ratio. CI, confidence interval. Non-DM, non-diabetes. T2DM, type 2 diabetes. aHR, adjusted hazard ratio.

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  Fig 5. Adjusted hazard ratios for first major adverse cardiovascular event by time-dependent eGFR category in Cox models for type 2 and non-diabetes cohorts split by gender. a. Non-diabetes–female, b. Non-diabetes–male, c. Type 2 diabetes–female, d. Type 2 diabetes–male eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate. aHR, adjusted hazard ratio. CI, confidence interval. Non-DM, non-diabetes. T2DM, type 2 diabetes.

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  Fig 6. Adjusted hazard ratios for first major adverse cardiovascular event by combined eGFR and proteinuria categories in Cox models combining type 1, type 2, and non-diabetes cohorts. Low risk: adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1–1.5, moderately increased risk: aHR 1.5–2.5, high risk: aHR 2.51–3.5, very high risk: aHR >3.5; 95% confidence intervals are shown in parentheses. N, number of patient months.