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December 4, 2025American Heart Journal Plus Cardiology Research and PracticeOpen Access

Probiotic strains and fiber-rich diets demonstrated modest improvements in blood pressure, lipid profiles, and inflammatory markers in cardiovascular disease.

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Why the study?

The review examines the role of the gut microbiota in cardiovascular disease, exploring mechanisms linking gut dysbiosis to CVD and evaluating microbiome-targeted interventions.

Do microbiome-targeted interventions improve cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes in cardiovascular disease?

Population

Nine eligible studies evaluating gut microbiota in CVD

Comparison

Dietary modifications, probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and pharmacological agents vs unstated comparators

Design

Focused systematic review

Key result

Probiotic strains and fiber-rich diets demonstrated modest improvements in blood pressure, lipid profiles, and inflammatory markers in cardiovascular disease.

Authors

YMYahya MakkiehSISakan Binte ImranSPSaliha Pathan

Discussion

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Member takes

Overview

Supports further microbiome-targeted research in CVD; too preliminary and heterogeneous for clinical adoption.

Study Design

Type

Systematic Review

Structured PICO

Do microbiome-targeted interventions improve cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes in cardiovascular disease?

P
Population
Systematic review of 9 studies evaluating the role of the gut microbiota and its modulation in cardiovascular disease.
I
Intervention
Microbiome-targeted interventions including dietary modifications, probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and pharmacological agents (statins, rifaximin, empagliflozin)
O
Outcome
Impact on microbial composition and cardiovascular outcomessurrogate

Modulation of the gut microbiome via diet and probiotics shows modest potential for improving cardiovascular risk factors, but current evidence remains early and exploratory.

Limitations

  • Only nine eligible studies met the inclusion criteria
  • Early and heterogeneous nature of this research area
  • Findings should be interpreted as exploratory and hypothesis-generating

Cite This Study

Makkieh et al. (2025) conducted a systematic review in Cardiovascular disease. Gut microbiome modulation (dietary modifications, probiotics, prebiotics, FMT, pharmacological agents) was evaluated. Probiotic strains and fiber-rich diets demonstrated modest improvements in blood pressure, lipid profiles, and inflammatory markers in cardiovascular disease.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a92caeee5596d780b1f84c5https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100687
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1The Gut–Heart Axis: A Comprehensive Review of Microbiota’s Role in Cardiovascular Health and Disease and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies2026 · 10 citations
  2. 2Unlocking the gut-heart axis: exploring the role of gut microbiota in cardiovascular health and disease2024 · 48 citations
  3. 3Gut Microbiota and Its Implications for Cardiovascular Diseases – a Review2024 · 3 citations
  4. 4The gut-heart connection: how the microbiome influences cardiovascular health2025
  5. 5Gut Microbiota: Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Targeted Therapies2026