Key result
In children with Kawasaki disease, vascular endothelial growth factor levels were significantly higher in the subacute phase among those with acute coronary artery lesions (p=0.022).
Why the study?
VEGF mediates inflammation in Kawasaki disease, but literature regarding the relationship between VEGF and Kawasaki disease is sparse.
Do VEGF levels correlate with the presence of acute coronary artery lesions in pediatric patients with Kawasaki disease treated with IVIG?
Observational (n=72)
No
Do VEGF levels correlate with the presence of acute coronary artery lesions in pediatric patients with Kawasaki disease treated with IVIG?
Absolute Event Rate: 654.7% vs 376.4%
p-value: p=0.022
VEGF levels remain elevated and increase post-IVIG in Kawasaki disease patients with acute coronary artery lesions, suggesting a role in CAL pathogenesis.
Serial VEGF rise post-IVIG may flag CAL risk in KD children; leaves open causal role and need for prospective validation.
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an important factor in mediating the inflammation of Kawasaki disease (KD). The literature regarding the relationship between VEGF and KD is sparse. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of VEGF and KD. In a prospective study of 42 Taiwanese KD patients (18.9 ± 12.2 months, M/F 22/20) treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), a series of VEGF levels was measured from the acute to convalescent phases. KD patients were classified into two subgroups with (n =20) and without (n = 22) acute coronary artery lesions (CALs). Control samples were obtained from 30 febrile controls (19.1 ± 13.7 months, M/F 13/17). In KD patients, VEGF levels in the pre-IVIG acute phase were significantly higher than those in the subacute and convalescent phases (both p < 0.001). In KD patients with CALs, VEGF levels significantly increased immediately in the post-IVIG phase (p = 0.039), and then significantly decreased in the subacute phase (p = 0.002). KD patients with acute CALs had higher median VEGF levels than those without acute CALs from acute to convalescent phases. In the subacute phase, KD patients with acute CALs had significantly higher VEGF levels (p = 0.022) than those without acute CALs. Our data show that VEGF did not decrease after IVIG treatment, and increased significantly after IVIG treatment in KD patients with acute CALs in acute phase. VEGF might be related to the complications of CALs in KD patients.
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Chen et al. (2022) conducted an observational in Kawasaki Disease (n=72). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels vs. Kawasaki disease patients without acute coronary artery lesions was evaluated on Serum VEGF levels in the subacute phase (pg/mL) (p=0.022). In children with Kawasaki disease, vascular endothelial growth factor levels were significantly higher in the subacute phase among those with acute coronary artery lesions (p=0.022).
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