Preoperative Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

Patients undergoing elective CABG exhibited high preoperative anxiety, with a significant association with gender.

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Cross-Sectional. Population: Coronary artery disease undergoing elective CABG surgery (n=70). Intervention: Scheduled elective isolated CABG surgery (and sociodemographic factors including gender). Primary outcome: Preoperative anxiety assessed by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) (p=<0.001).

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery experience high levels of preoperative anxiety, with anxiety levels significantly associated with gender. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.CONFIRMATORY. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

Q: What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate the levels of preoperative anxiety and their association with sociodemographic factors in patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

M. Sudhakar; D Sasikala

doi:10.5005/jp-journals-11001-0108

October 25, 2025Eastern Journal of PsychiatryOpen Access

Preoperative Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

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Key result

Preoperative anxiety affects ~86% of elective CABG patients, with severity significantly linked to gender.

P<0.001
n=70

Why the study?

Patients scheduled for elective cardiac surgical interventions often exhibit preoperative anxiety that impacts surgical outcomes, motivating an assessment of preoperative anxiety in patients undergoing CABG surgery.

What is the prevalence and severity of preoperative anxiety, and its association with demographic and lifestyle factors, in patients undergoing elective CABG surgery?

Key Points

To evaluate the levels of preoperative anxiety and their association with sociodemographic factors in patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Conducted a cross-sectional study of 70 patients aged 35 to 70 years undergoing elective first-time CABG surgery at a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu, India.
Assessed anxiety levels one day prior to surgery using the 40-item State-trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) via an interview technique.
Excluded patients undergoing emergency CABG, those with concomitant valvular repair or replacement, and individuals with known psychiatric comorbidities.
Preoperative anxiety was widespread, with the abstract reporting 66 patients (84%) having moderate anxiety, while STAI category scores showed 60 patients (86%) with severe anxiety, 5 (7%) with moderate anxiety, 5 (7%) with panic anxiety, and an overall mean STAI score of 55.37 ± 9.21.
A significant association was found between gender and level of state anxiety (Pearson Chi-square = 11.57, p < 0.001), with female patients scoring higher than male patients on both state and trait anxiety.
No significant associations were observed between anxiety levels and other variables, including age (p = 0.89), body mass index (p = 0.36), smoking habit (p = 0.35), or diabetes mellitus comorbidity (p = 0.80).

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=70)

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

What is the prevalence and severity of preoperative anxiety, and its association with demographic and lifestyle factors, in patients undergoing elective CABG surgery?

P

Population

70 patients with coronary artery disease undergoing first-time elective isolated CABG surgery in India (mean age 57.29 years, 62 males and 8 females in abstract), assessed 1 day preoperatively.

E

Exposure

Preoperative assessment 1 day prior to elective CABG surgery using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and sociodemographic/lifestyle factor evaluation

O

Outcome

Preoperative state and trait anxiety levels measured 1 day before surgery using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI, score range 20-80)patient reported

Main Result

p-value: p=<0.001

Patients scheduled for elective CABG in India experience substantial preoperative anxiety, particularly women, highlighting the need for routine preoperative psychological assessment and nursing intervention.

Limitations

Small sample size (70 patients), which may not represent the larger population of patients undergoing CABG
Anxiety scores were evaluated using a self-reported instrument
Postoperative anxiety assessment was not performed to analyze the association between pre- and postoperative anxiety
Small sample size of 70 patients undergoing CABG surgery, limiting generalizability
Anxiety scores were evaluated by a self-reported instrument
Postoperative anxiety assessment was not done to analyze the association between pre- and postoperative anxiety

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Implication

High preoperative anxiety before elective CABG, especially in women, merits attention; leaves open whether screening or interventions improve outcomes.

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is a critical intervention for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).Patients scheduled for elective cardiac surgical interventions often exhibit preoperative anxiety that impacts the surgical outcome.The objective of the study was to assess preoperative anxiety in patients who were undergoing CABG surgery. Materials and methods:A cross-sectional study consisting of 70 patients undergoing CABG surgery was included in the study using a convenience sampling technique in a tertiary care referral hospital.The data were collected using State-trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).The collected data were entered into SPSS (version 20.0) for Windows, and descriptive and inferential statistics were performed.Results: The study enrolled 70 (62 males and 8 females) patients.Their mean age was 57.29 ± 8.14 (range 35-70 years).Most of the patients, 66 (84%), had a moderate level of preoperative anxiety before CABG surgery.There was a significant association found between gender and anxiety at p < 0.001.Conclusion: This investigation elucidates that individuals undergoing CABG surgery exhibit significant levels of preoperative anxiety.An integrative, multidisciplinary framework may serve as a potentially effective strategy for the provision of efficient and effective healthcare services.

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Cite This Study

Sudhakar et al. (2025) conducted a cross-sectional in Coronary artery disease undergoing elective CABG surgery (n=70). Scheduled elective isolated CABG surgery (and sociodemographic factors including gender) was evaluated on Preoperative anxiety assessed by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) (p=<0.001). Patients undergoing elective CABG exhibited high preoperative anxiety, with a significant association with gender.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a937bdd2fa4a371660aa9fa https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-11001-0108

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Preoperative Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Preoperative Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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