Spiral Computed Tomography Evaluation of the Kidneys: State of the Art

Computed tomography (CT) was introduced for clinical imaging in the late 1970s. Since that time, CT has developed an undisputed role in the evaluation of renal pathology.[ 1 Wyatt SH, Urban BA, and Fishman EK: Spiral CT evaluation of the kidneys, in Fishman EK, and Jeffrey RB (Eds): Spiral CT: Principles, Techniques and Clinical Applications. Philadelphia, Lippincott-Raven, 1996, pp 87–107. Google Scholar , 2 Smith S Bosniak M Megibow A Hulnick D Horii S Raghavendra B Renal cell carcinoma earlier discovery and increased detection. Radiology. 1989; 170: 699-703 PubMed Google Scholar , 3 Silverman SG Lee BY Selzer SE Bloom DA Corless CL Adams DF Small renal masses correlation of spiral CT features and pathologic findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1994; 163: 597-605 Crossref PubMed Scopus (135) Google Scholar , 4 Bosniak MA The small (≤ 3 0 cm) renal parenchymal tumor: detection, diagnosis and controversies. Radiology. 1991; 179: 307-317 Crossref PubMed Scopus (295) Google Scholar ]Common indications for CT examination of the kidneys include evaluation of known or suspected renal masses, inflammatory or infectious conditions, renal trauma, and vascular pathology involving the renal artery or vein.