Key result
Metabolically unhealthy obese patients exhibited a lower amount and more sparse distribution of GLUT4 molecules in adipocytes compared to metabolically healthy obese patients.
Why the study?
Analyzing GLUT4 distribution in adipocytes from metabolically healthy obese versus metabolically unhealthy obese phenotypes may help explain cardiometabolic risk differences between them.
Does GLUT4 distribution in adipocytes differ between metabolic healthy obese (MHO) and metabolic unhealthy obese (MUO) patients?
Cross-Sectional (n=10)
No
Does GLUT4 distribution in adipocytes differ between metabolic healthy obese (MHO) and metabolic unhealthy obese (MUO) patients?
Differences in GLUT4 expression and distribution in adipocytes between metabolic healthy and unhealthy obese patients suggest a specific regulatory role in cardiometabolic risk and insulin resistance.
GLUT4 adipocyte differences may mark cardiometabolic risk in obesity; leaves open causal mechanisms and therapeutic targets.
Background. Adipose tissue is a key factor during metabolic dysregulation, whereas adipose tissue dysfunction is promoted if enlarged adipocytes, impaired adipocyte differentiation, inflammation, remodeling and/or fibrosis. As evidenced by in vitro studies and animal models, adipocyte hypertrophy alone is sufficient to impair glucose uptake, probably explained by changes of cell distribution of Glucose Transporter 4 (GLUT4) and trafficking, reflecting a new potential regulatory pathway. Patients with obesity can be subclassified into cardiometabolic risk phenotypes, with significant difference in adipose tissue characteristics and glucose uptake. Therefore, GLUT4 distribution in adipocytes from the so known: 1) metabolic healthy obese (MHO) and 2) metabolic unhealthy obese (MUO), may help to understand cardiometabolic risk differences between them. Objectives. To analyze GLUT4 distribution in adipocytes from MHO vs MUO phenotypes. Subjects and Methods. Cross-sectional observational study. Patients programmed for bariatric surgery were included. Patients were classified as MHO or MUO according to NCEP-ATPIII criteria. Samples from subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were obtained during bariatric surgery. GLUT4 expression and distribution in adipocytes were evaluated by immunofluorescence and image analysis. Results. GLUT4 molecules showed a lower number and more spared distribution in adipocytes from MUO phenotype. Likewise, GLUT4 distribution was related to insulin resistance in both metabolic phenotypes, with differences between VAT and SAT. Conclusion. GLUT4 expression pattern in adipocytes was related with the type of adipose tissue, the cardiometabolic risk and insulin resistance, suggesting potential and specific regulatory role.
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Suárez‐Cuenca et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Morbid obesity (n=10). Metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) vs. Metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) was evaluated on GLUT4 distribution and amount in adipocytes. Metabolically unhealthy obese patients exhibited a lower amount and more sparse distribution of GLUT4 molecules in adipocytes compared to metabolically healthy obese patients.
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