Key result
Medications such as corticosteroids, NSAIDs, beta-blockers, and calcium antagonists can induce heart failure by causing fluid overload, reducing myocardial function, or provoking arrhythmias.
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Design
Review
Clinicians should review culprit medications in new or worsening HF; literature review leaves open the attributable risk magnitude.
Most cases of heart failure are because of underlying disease, but drugs can be an important factor. Corticosteroids, thiazolidinediones, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can cause fluid overload; β-adrenoceptor antagonists, calcium antagonists and α-blockers can reduce myocardial function; and others, such as flecainide, procainamide, quinidine, and lidocaine can provoke arrhythmias.
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Cox et al. (2003) studied this question. Medications such as corticosteroids, NSAIDs, beta-blockers, and calcium antagonists can induce heart failure by causing fluid overload, reducing myocardial function, or provoking arrhythmias.
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