Key result
Diabetes mellitus was associated with a significantly higher absolute risk of heart failure 10 years after coronary artery bypass grafting compared to no diabetes (35.1% vs 26.4%, P<0.001).
Why the study?
People with diabetes mellitus represent about one quarter of coronary revascularization patients and face higher heart failure mortality, but the risk of developing heart failure after CABG in patients with versus without diabetes required clarification.
Does diabetes mellitus increase the risk of heart failure in patients undergoing isolated CABG?
Cohort (n=34,855)
Yes
Does diabetes mellitus increase the risk of heart failure in patients undergoing isolated CABG?
Effect estimate: RD 8.6 pp
Absolute Event Rate: 35.1% vs 26.4%
p-value: p=< 0.001
Patients with diabetes mellitus have a significantly higher absolute and relative risk of developing heart failure up to 10 years after isolated CABG compared to those without diabetes.
BACKGROUND: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of mortality in the world with an increasing incidence. One of the interventions to treat IHD is coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and people with diabetes mellitus (DM) account for approximately one quarter of all patients who undergo coronary revascularization. Furthermore, people with DM have a higher risk of mortality due to heart failure (HF). OBJECTIVE: We aim to describe the risk of developing HF after CABG in patients with versus without DM. METHODS: Through a large nationwide register-based cohort study, patients who underwent CABG from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2020 were included. In addition to Cox regression, g-formula methods based on multivariable Cox regression were performed to estimate the absolute risk (AR) and risk difference (RD) of the association between DM status and HF outcome, and between DM status and mortality. RESULTS: A total of 34,855 patients were included in this study, consisting of 6909 (19.8%) DM patients. The AR of HF after CABG in the 10th year was 35.1% versus 26.4% for patients with versus without DM (p < 0.001), respectively. The RD of HF for each exceeding year (3.7 percentage point (pp.) in the 1st year versus 8.6 pp. in the 10th year) was higher for patients with DM compared to those without DM. CONCLUSION: The risk of HF was significantly higher up to ten years after CABG in patients with DM compared to those without DM.
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Brodersen et al. (2025) conducted a cohort in Ischemic heart disease requiring CABG (n=34,855). Diabetes mellitus vs. Without diabetes mellitus was evaluated on Heart failure at 10 years (RD 8.6 pp, p=< 0.001). Diabetes mellitus was associated with a significantly higher absolute risk of heart failure 10 years after coronary artery bypass grafting compared to no diabetes (35.1% vs 26.4%, P<0.001).
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