Why the study?
Menopause and diabetes mellitus individually confer high risk for cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy leading to cardiovascular events, prompting evaluation and comparison of autonomic nervous system dysfunctions in postmenopausal women with diabetes versus healthy controls.
Does diabetes mellitus increase the severity and symptomatic burden of autonomic nervous system dysfunction in postmenopausal women?
Does diabetes mellitus increase the severity and symptomatic burden of autonomic nervous system dysfunction in postmenopausal women?
Postmenopausal women exhibit a high prevalence of autonomic nervous system dysfunction, with a higher proportion of symptomatic dysfunction observed in those with concurrent diabetes.
May support ANS screening in postmenopausal women; leaves open diabetes' causal role in severity.
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the leading causes of death in women across the globe. CVD is more prevalent in women after menopause due to the lack of estrogens which have a cardioprotective effect Menopause and diabetes mellitus are individually high risk for cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy which in turn results in CV accidents and deaths. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the Autonomic Nervous System dysfunctions in post menopausal women with diabetes mellitus, to grade the severity of dysfunctions and to compare the severity of the ANS dysfunction with age matched healthy controls. Materials and Methods: This observational study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akash Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Devanahalli, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. A total of 120 postmenopausal women were examined for the study. They were divided into two equal groups (60 women in each group) as menopausal women with diabetes and without diabetes. The ANS dysfunctions were evaluated based on symptoms and also specific tests like heart rate response to Valsalva maneuver, heart rate response to standing up from supine position, blood pressure response to sustained handgrip, blood pressure response to standing up from supine position. The ANS dysfunctions were categorized into mild, moderate and severe dysfunctions. Results: Of the 60 postmenopausal women without diabetes, 20 women had symptoms of autonomic dysfunction in the form of hot flushes, giddiness and palpitations, (33%) and they also tested positive for ANS dysfunction. Though the remaining 40 women did not have any symptoms, they tested positive for ANS dysfunction. 40 women had mild ANS dysfunctions, 12 had moderate dysfunctions and 8 had severe dysfunctions. In the other group of postmenopausal women with diabetes, 30 women had symptoms of ANS dysfunction (50%) and also tested positive for ANS dysfunction. The remaining 30 women,
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Rohini et al. (2020) studied this question.
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