Key result
The 'A' allele of the omentin gene polymorphism rs2274907 was associated with significantly lower serum adiponectin concentrations and a 1.35 times increased risk of being cardiometabolically unhealthy, an association that disappeared after adjusting for adiponectin levels.
Why the study?
Plasma omentin levels correlate with adiponectin and cardiometabolic outcomes, but the genetic association between omentin polymorphisms, adiponectin, cardiometabolic health, and potential lifestyle modification required investigation.
Does the omentin gene polymorphism associate with cardiometabolic health status and adiponectin levels in Asian Indians?
Cross-Sectional (n=1,886)
Does the omentin gene polymorphism associate with cardiometabolic health status and adiponectin levels in Asian Indians?
Absolute Event Rate: 4.2% vs 8.9%
p-value: p=1.90 x 10^-47
Circulating adiponectin mediates the association between the omentin gene polymorphism (rs2274907) and cardiometabolic health in Asian Indians.
Adiponectin may mediate omentin SNP effects on cardiometabolic health in Asian Indians; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective confirmation before clinical consideration.
BACKGROUND: Plasma omentin levels have been shown to be associated with circulating adiponectin concentrations and cardiometabolic disease-related outcomes. In this study, we aim to examine the association of omentin gene polymorphism with serum adiponectin levels and cardiometabolic health status using a genetic approach, and investigate whether these associations are modified by lifestyle factors. METHODS: The study included 945 normal glucose tolerant and 941 unrelated individuals with type 2 diabetes randomly selected from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES), in southern India. Study participants were classified into cardiometabolically healthy and unhealthy, where cardiometabolically healthy were those without hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Fasting serum adiponectin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. The omentin A326T (rs2274907) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was screened by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and direct sequencing. RESULTS: The 'A' allele of the omentin SNP was significantly associated with lower adiponectin concentrations after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and cardiometabolic health status (p = 1.90 x 10-47). There was also a significant association between circulating adiponectin concentrations and cardiometabolic health status after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, WC and Omentin SNP (p = 7.47x10-10). However, after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, WC and adiponectin levels, the association of 'A' allele with cardiometabolic health status disappeared (p = 0.79) suggesting that adiponectin serves as a mediator of the association between omentin SNP and cardiometabolic health status. There were no significant interactions between the SNP and dietary factors on adiponectin levels and cardiometabolic health status (p>0.25, for all comparisons). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that adiponectin might function as a mechanistic link between omentin SNP and increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases independent of common and central obesity in Asian Indians. Before strategies to promote adiponectin modulation could be implemented, further studies are required to confirm the molecular mechanisms involved in this triangular relationship between omentin gene, adiponectin and cardiometabolic diseases.
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Vimaleswaran et al. (2021) conducted a cross-sectional in Cardiometabolic health and Type 2 Diabetes (n=1,886). Omentin A326T (rs2274907) single nucleotide polymorphism 'A' allele vs. TT genotype was evaluated on Fasting serum adiponectin concentrations (μg/mL) (p=1.90 x 10^-47). The 'A' allele of the omentin gene polymorphism rs2274907 was associated with significantly lower serum adiponectin concentrations and a 1.35 times increased risk of being cardiometabolically unhealthy, an association that disappeared after adjusting for adiponectin levels.
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