Comparative study on muscle function in two different streptozotocin-induced diabetic models

Figures

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  Fig. 1. MSTZ model shows more severe phenotype in fatigability test than LSTZ/HFD compared to their respective controls. A Final body weight of MSTZ and LSTZ/HFD models at the end of experiment (4 and 8 weeks respectively). B Final blood glucose level of MSTZ and LSTZ/HFD models at the end of experiment. C Contraction force of MSTZ model (n = 5). D Contraction force of LSTZ/HFD model (n = 6–8). E Fatigability test of MSTZ model (n = 5). F Fatigability test of LSTZ/HFD model (n = 6–8). G Time to reach 50% force depression in MSTZ model. H Time to reach 50% force depression in LSTZ/HFD model. Values are means ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed with Student’s t test. *p < 0.05; ****p < 0.0001

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  Fig. 2. MSTZ model exhibits disrupted glycogen metabolism and reduced vascularization. A Muscle weight corrected for body weight pre- and post-exercise in MSTZ model. B Glycogen level in surface area of skeletal muscle pre- and post-exercise in MSTZ model. C Glycogen level in deep area of skeletal muscle pre- and post-exercise in MSTZ model. D CD31 staining for blood vessels in skeletal muscle of MSTZ model. E Vegfa mRNA expression in MSTZ model. Values are means ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed with Student’s t test. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01

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  Fig. 3. Muscle fatigue-related molecular cues specific to MSTZ model. A Molecular signatures of upregulated genes specific to MSTZ model. B Molecular signatures of downregulated genes specific to MSTZ model. C Selected genes expression related to muscle fatigue specific to MSTZ model

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  Fig. 4. Oxidative phosphorylation- and vasculature development-related genes are significantly downregulated in skeletal muscle of MSTZ model. A–E Relative mRNA expression of oxidative phosphorylation-related genes in MSTZ model. F Citrate synthase activity in the skeletal muscle of MSTZ mode. G–J Relative mRNA expression of vasculature development-related genes in skeletal muscle of MSTZ model. K Relative mRNA expression of glycogen metabolism-related gene, Ppp1r3c, in skeletal muscle of MSTZ model. Values are means ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed with Student’s t test. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001