Key result
Serum apelin levels were significantly higher in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes than in controls (P<0.0001), and negatively correlated with HbA1c in type 2 diabetes.
Why the study?
Are serum apelin levels altered in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes compared to controls, and do they correlate with glycaemic control?
Observational (n=390)
Are serum apelin levels altered in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes compared to controls, and do they correlate with glycaemic control?
p-value: p=<0.0001
Serum apelin concentrations are elevated in patients with diabetes and negatively correlate with HbA1c in type 2 diabetes, suggesting a potential role in glycaemic balance and insulin sensitivity.
Apelin elevation in diabetes should not yet change practice; leaves open its potential role in glycaemic regulation.
CONTEXT: Apelin is an adipokine expressed in several tissues and it appears to be involved in energy metabolism. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine serum apelin levels in a large cohort of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes and control subjects and to correlate the results with glycaemic control. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: One hundred and thirty patients with type 1 diabetes, 98 patients with type 2 diabetes and 162 controls were enrolled in the study. Apelin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Serum apelin levels were significantly higher in type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients than in controls (P < 0·0001). Serum apelin levels were higher in type 1 than in type 2 diabetic patients (P = 0·02). In multivariate analysis, serum apelin levels were higher in patients with type 1 diabetes and in patients with type 2 diabetes versus controls. We found a negative correlation between glycosylated haemoglobin and serum apelin levels in all diabetic patients (r = -0·17, P = 0·008) and in patients with type 2 diabetes (r = -0·24 P = 0·01). No correlation was found in type 1 diabetic patients. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that apelin concentrations were increased in diabetic patients. This rise, which was greater in type 1 than in type 2 diabetic patients, suggests that obesity is not the main determinant of plasma apelin levels. The negative correlation with glycosylated haemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes could indicate that apelin plays a role in glycaemic balance and even insulin sensitivity.
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Habchi et al. (2014) conducted an observational in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes (n=390). Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes vs. Controls was evaluated on Serum apelin levels (p=<0.0001). Serum apelin levels were significantly higher in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes than in controls (P<0.0001), and negatively correlated with HbA1c in type 2 diabetes.
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