Key result
Worse renal function was independently associated with greater risk of peripheral artery disease and increased regional vascular stiffness.
Cross-Sectional (n=2,310)
No
Early renal insufficiency (eGFR < 77 mL/min/1.73m2) is independently associated with increased region-specific vascular stiffness and a higher risk of peripheral artery disease in outpatients with cardiovascular risk factors.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Renal impairment may flag subclinical vascular disease; hypothesis-generating and leaves open causality in high-risk outpatients.
The authors consecutively assessed various arterial pulse‐wave velocity (PWV) indices and ankle‐brachial index (ABI) by an automatic device (VP2000, OMRON Health Care Co. Ltd., Kyota, Japan) in outpatients with ≥ 1 cardiovascular risk. PAD was defined as ABI ≤ 0.9. Among 2309 outpatients (mean age 62.4 years), worse renal function was associated with higher brachial‐ankle PWV, heart‐carotid PWV, heart‐femoral PWV (hf‐PWV), and lower ABI (all P < .001). Multivariate regression models showed independent associations between lower eGFR, lower ABI (Coef: 0.42 & 0.41 for right and left), higher hf‐PWV (Coef: −11.4 [95% CI: −15.4, −7.3]) and greater PAD risk (adjusted OR: 0.83 [95% CI: 0.76, 0.91], all P < .05). eGFR set at 77 mL/min/1.73m2 was observed to be useful clinical cutoff (c‐statistics: 0.67) for identifying PAD (P for ΔAUROC: .009; likelihood X2: 93.82 to 137.43, P < .001) when superimposed on clinical risks. This study suggested early renal insufficiency is tightly linked to region‐specific vascular stiffness and PAD.
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Lin et al. (2018) conducted a cross-sectional in Cardiovascular risk factors (n=2,310). Renal function (eGFR) vs. Higher eGFR (better renal function) was evaluated on Peripheral artery disease (PAD) risk (ABI ≤ 0.9) (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.76-0.91, p=<0.05). Worse renal function was independently associated with greater risk of peripheral artery disease and increased regional vascular stiffness.
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