Key result
SHAPE structure probing of viral RNA genomes has identified new regulatory elements, defined principles of host interaction, and revealed relationships between virus evolution and RNA structure.
This review highlights the utility of SHAPE structure probing in understanding genome structure-function interrelationships for RNA viruses.
May guide structure-based antivirals; leaves open prospective validation before clinical use.
RNA viruses encode the information required to usurp cellular metabolism and gene regulation and to enable their own replication in two ways: in the linear sequence of their RNA genomes and in higher-order structures that form when the genomic RNA strand folds back on itself. Application of high-resolution SHAPE (selective 2'-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension) structure probing to viral RNA genomes has identified numerous new regulatory elements, defined new principles by which viral RNAs interact with the cellular host and evade host immune responses, and revealed relationships between virus evolution and RNA structure. This review summarizes our current understanding of genome structure-function interrelationships for RNA viruses, as informed by SHAPE structure probing, and outlines opportunities for future studies.
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Boerneke et al. (2019) conducted a review in RNA viruses. SHAPE structure probing was evaluated. SHAPE structure probing of viral RNA genomes has identified new regulatory elements, defined principles of host interaction, and revealed relationships between virus evolution and RNA structure.
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