Key result
High frame rate echo-particle image velocimetry accurately quantified longitudinal hemodynamic forces and vortex circulation, showing strong correlation with 4D flow MRI (r=0.80 and r=0.76).
Why the study?
Assessing advanced blood flow parameters such as hemodynamic forces and vortex circulation may offer insights into cardiac function and remodeling, but their measurement needed comparison between echoPIV and 4D flow MRI.
Does high-frame-rate echoPIV accurately quantify hemodynamic forces and vortex circulation compared to 4D flow MRI in patients referred for cardiac MRI?
Observational (n=26)
Does high-frame-rate echoPIV accurately quantify hemodynamic forces and vortex circulation compared to 4D flow MRI in patients referred for cardiac MRI?
Effect estimate: r = 0.80 for HDF RMS and r = 0.76 for VC RMS
High-frame-rate echoPIV provides accurate quantification of left ventricular hemodynamic forces and vortex circulation that aligns closely with 4D flow MRI.
May offer accessible alternative to 4D flow MRI; leaves open validation in larger cohorts before clinical use.
Objective Assessing advanced blood flow parameters, such as hemodynamic forces (HDF) and vortex circulation (VC), may offer insights into cardiac function and remodeling. Vortices conserve energy and balance myocardial workload, with VC reflecting vortex intensity and size. HDF quantifies the intraventricular pressure gradients driving blood flow. This study compares HDF and VC between echoPIV and 4D flow MRI, as well as between patient groups. Methods We acquired high-frame-rate contrast-enhanced ultrasound (three apical views) and 4D flow MRI from 26 patients referred for cardiac MRI. Echo image planes with insufficient quality or poor alignment with MRI were excluded from the comparison. Time-trace correlation coefficients (of the time traces) and linear regressions of the temporal root mean square (RMS) values were used to compare HDF and VC between modalities. Results Echo and MRI measurements of longitudinal HDF (HDF long ) and principal VC showed strong correspondence. Correlation coefficients were 0.70 (HDF long ) and 0.66 (VC), with linear regression yielding r = 0.80 and r = 0.76 for HDF and VC RMS. Patients with impaired left ventricle systolic function showed significantly lower HDF long and lower volume-normalized VC RMS. Conclusion EchoPIV accurately quantified HDF long and VC across heart conditions, aligning closely with 4D flow MRI. Differences between echoPIV and MRI were smaller than those observed across pathology spectrum. Within this study cohort, HDF long and VC magnitudes could be correlated to underlying heart conditions.
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Han et al. (2025) conducted an observational in Referred for cardiac MRI (n=26). High frame rate echo-particle image velocimetry (echoPIV) vs. 4D flow MRI was evaluated on Longitudinal hemodynamic forces (HDF long) and principal vortex circulation (VC) (r = 0.80 for HDF RMS and r = 0.76 for VC RMS). High frame rate echo-particle image velocimetry accurately quantified longitudinal hemodynamic forces and vortex circulation, showing strong correlation with 4D flow MRI (r=0.80 and r=0.76).
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