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The photocatalytic water-splitting behavior of hierarchically structured TiO 2 ball-flowers with different Fe ion contents was studied, in order to elucidate the effects of Fe doping on their water-splitting performance. It was found that with the increase of Fe doping content, the hydrogen evolution rate increased initially and then decreased. The highest hydrogen evolution of 697 μ mol g −1 is observed for 2Fe/TiO 2 , after 4 h of light irradiation, which was five times greater than that in the case of pure TiO 2 who has 140 μ mol g −1 hydrogen evolution after 4 h of light irradiation. This improvement in the water-splitting efficiency owing to optimized Fe doping could be attributed to an enhancement in the visible-light absorption characteristics and an increase in the number of oxygen vacancies, which act as the reaction sites for water splitting.
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Wang et al. (2017) studied this question.
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