Key result
In hypertensive adults with low to moderate cardiovascular risk, silent cerebrovascular disease was frequent, with 79% presenting white matter lesions and 60% showing carotid abnormalities.
Why the study?
Information on cerebral small vessel disease and extracranial atherosclerotic carotid disease in a hypertensive population with low cardiovascular risk is scarce.
Cross-Sectional (n=39)
Silent cerebrovascular disease, including white matter lesions and carotid abnormalities, is highly frequent in hypertensive adults even with low to moderate cardiovascular risk.
Silent cerebrovascular lesions are common in low-moderate risk hypertension without cognitive loss; leaves open their prognostic value and need for longitudinal studies.
Background: Cerebral small vessel disease and extracranial atherosclerotic carotid disease are manifestations of silent cerebrovascular disease (CVD). Information on these two pathologies in hypertensive population with low cardiovascular risk (CVR) is scarce. Objective: To explore frequency and characteristics of silent CVD in hypertensive adults and cognitive repercussion of these alterations. Methods: 39 hypertensive patients (mean age: 53.5 years) were studied. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (3T), doppler ultrasound of the carotid artery and neuropsychological studies were obtained. Results: 79% of patients presented white matter lesions (WML), 18% showed only cerebral atrophy and/or enlarged perivascular spaces, 60% presented hyperplasia of intimal media complex (IMC) and/or atheroma plaques. In women, a significant correlation was observed between IMC thickness and bifrontal index, and WML was greater in patients with carotid plaques. A non-significant decrease in neuropsychological performance was observed in the groups of patients with intra and/or extracerebral injury and a negative correlation with the bifrontal index in men was found. Conclusion: Frequency of intra and extracerebral silent CVD was high in hypertensive adults with low to moderate CVR. WML and brain atrophy were partially related with carotid lesions. Age significantly influenced the appearance of intra and extracerebral lesions. Cognitive performance did not decrease significantly due to the presence of these lesions.
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Marta et al. (2020) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension (n=39). Hypertension was evaluated on White matter lesions (WML). In hypertensive adults with low to moderate cardiovascular risk, silent cerebrovascular disease was frequent, with 79% presenting white matter lesions and 60% showing carotid abnormalities.
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