Development of novel antimicrobial agents: investigating the efficacy of 1,3,5-Triphenyl-2-pyrazoline derivatives

Background & Aims:In this research, a novel series of heterocyclic compounds containing pyrazoline nuclei was synthesized in two steps. Materials & Methods:In the first step, chalcones were prepared using the Claisen-Schmidt reaction between substituted benzaldehydes and acetophenone derivatives.In the second step, the chalcones were cyclized under acidic conditions with hydrazine derivatives to produce pyrazolines.All compounds were characterized through physical, chromatographic, spectroscopic, and elemental analyses, and their antibacterial properties were tested using seven microorganisms.The minimum inhibitory concentrations of all compounds were determined using the broth dilution method.Results: Among them, compound 2f (4-(1, 5-diphenyl-4, 5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl) phenol) exhibited the highest antibacterial and antifungal activity, making it the most potent compound in the series. Conclusion:These results indicate that increasing the polarity of the compounds enhanced their efficacy against Gram-positive strains, whereas derivatives containing at least one methoxy group in their structure suppressed Gram-negative growth.