Determination of inflammation by TNF-alpha and IL-10 levels in obese children and adolescents

Introduction: Background: childhood obesity is one of the major health problem worldwide. Obesity is associated with low-level chronic inflammation resulting from inflammatory cytokine release in white adipose tissue. We aim to specify inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in children and adolescents to determine their relationship with obesity. Materials and methods: forty obese patients and 46 controls were included in the study from the pediatric clinic. Blood samples from the study group were centrifuged, and the sera were stored at -80 °C after separation. Serum levels of TNF-alpha and IL-10 were determined using Human ELISA kits for TNF-alpha and IL-10. Results: serum samples from 86 children, including 45 girls (52.3 %) in the study group, were analyzed for TNF-alpha and IL-10 levels. TNF-alpha levels in the obese and control groups were 1.04 ± 0.79 and 0.60 ± 0.72 pg/ml, respectively (p = 0.010). Also, IL-10 levels in the obese and control groups were 0.76 ± 0.62 and 1.54 ± 0.71 pg/ml, respectively (p < 0.001). Gender was not identified as a factor for serum TNF-alpha and IL-10 levels (p = 0.281 and p = 0.477, respectively). Moreover, white blood cell (WBC) and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were higher in the obese patient group than in the control group (p = 0.002 and p = 0.010, respectively). Conclusion: TNF-alpha levels were higher than control in obese patients and it was important in terms of showing that obesity triggers inflammation in the body. IL-10 levels, which inhibit inflammation, were lower in obese patients than controls.