Key result
Among pregnant patients with pre-existing cardiac diseases, overall maternal mortality was 6% and perinatal mortality was 21%.
Why the study?
To assess maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant patients with pre-existing cardiac conditions and determine the prevalence of different cardiac diseases among them.
Cross-Sectional (n=100)
No
Pregnant women with pre-existing cardiac diseases, particularly those in NYHA class III/IV, face high rates of maternal and perinatal mortality, highlighting the need for multidisciplinary care and preconception counseling.
High maternal/perinatal mortality in this single-center cohort signals need for closer cardio-obstetric surveillance in comparable settings; leaves open the value of larger prospective studies for risk stratification.
Objective: To assess the maternal and fetal outcome in pregnant patients with preexisting cardiac conditions and to determine the prevalence of different cardiac diseases among pregnant patients. Study Design: This was across sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Tertiary Cardiac Care Center in Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Dec 2021 to Apr 2022. Methodology: This was across sectional study done in a tertiary cardiac care center in Rawalpindi. A total of (n=100) pregnant patients with pre-existing cardiac diseases were included in the study from Dec 2021 to Apr 2022 over a period of 5 months. Prospective data including patients' demographics and their outcomes was collected using preformed proformas. Data was analyzed by SPSS version-23. Prevalence of maternal death, fetal death, maternal complications and neonatal complications were the primary outcomes of study. Descriptive statistics were run to present categorical data in frequencies and percentages. Chi-square and Fisher Exact Test was applied to find the association between study variables at 95% CI and 5% margin of error (α=5%). Results: A total of (n=100) patients were included in our study which was conducted from Dec 2021 to Apr 2022. Maternal mortality was observed in 6% (n=6) of patients. Maternal outcomes of pulmonary edema were seen in 24% (n=24) of patients and post-partum hemorrhage was seen in 14% (n=14) patients. Three parameters of perinatal outcome were studied i.e., low birth weight, preterm delivery and death. 39% (n=39) neonates were found to have low birth weight, 22% (n=22) were preterm and perinatal mortality was 21% (n=21). The primary results of our study showed 6% (n=6) maternal mortality and 21% (n=21) perinatal mortality. Conclusion: Overall maternal mortality was 6% while perinatal mortality was 21%. There existed a statistically significant (p<0.05) association of age and neonatal outcome with maternal complications. With proper counseling, some of the avoidable maternal and perinatal deaths can be prevented.
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Rahman et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Pre-existing cardiac diseases in pregnancy (n=100). Pre-existing cardiac diseases was evaluated on Maternal mortality. Among pregnant patients with pre-existing cardiac diseases, overall maternal mortality was 6% and perinatal mortality was 21%.
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