Key result
Systemic hypertension in dogs was associated with significantly lower abdominal aortic strain compared to normotensive dogs (K_AoSt 7.4 vs 10.3; P<0.05).
Why the study?
Chronic systemic hypertension increases aortic stiffness, but noninvasive assessment of abdominal aortic elasticity had not been described in dogs.
Does ultrasonographic-derived abdominal aortic strain differ between hypertensive and normotensive dogs?
Case-Control (n=50)
Does ultrasonographic-derived abdominal aortic strain differ between hypertensive and normotensive dogs?
Ultrasonographic assessment of abdominal aortic strain is feasible and demonstrates reduced aortic elasticity in hypertensive dogs compared to normotensive dogs.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Aortic strain measurement appears feasible in dogs; hypothesis-generating for vascular assessment in canine hypertension, with no practice change warranted.
BACKGROUND: Systemic hypertension (SH) is a persistent and pathological increase in arterial blood pressure (BP). Chronic SH leads to an increase in aortic (Ao) stiffness, and measuring Ao elasticity is useful for estimating Ao stiffness in humans. Currently, no literature in veterinary medicine describes noninvasive assessment of abdominal Ao elasticity in dogs with SH. OBJECTIVE: Compare ultrasonographic-derived abdominal Ao strain (AoSt) between hypertensive (HT) and normotensive (NT) dogs. ANIMALS: Fifty privately-owned dogs with clinical signs, conditions, or both potentially associated with SH. METHODS: Prospective observational case-control study. Aortic stiffness was estimated by calculating AoSt as follows: AoSt = ([AoDs - AoDd]/AoDd) × 100, where AoDs and AoDd are the Ao diameter in systole and in diastole, respectively. Aortic stiffness was calculated from 2 different Ao transverse sections, the first caudal to the left renal artery (K_AoSt), and the second cranial to the external iliac arteries (I_AoSt). RESULTS: Thirty-two dogs were included in the HT group and 18 in the NT group. Both K_AoSt and I_AoSt in HT dogs were significantly lower (P < .05) than in NT dogs (7.4 ± SD 3.6) vs 10.3 (±3.8) and 5.7 (interquartile range [IQR], 3.9-7.5) vs 8.1 (IQR, 7-10.3), respectively. Only K_AoSt was significantly influenced by age. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Ultrasonographic Ao elasticity assessment was feasible to compare HT and NT dogs. Results indicated that K_AoSt and I_AoSt indices can be used to assess SH-related Ao stiffness, especially when indirect BP measurements are inconsistent or inaccurate. Additional studies to assess the AoSt in healthy dogs of various ages are needed.
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Corda et al. (2020) conducted a case-control in Systemic hypertension (n=50). Systemic hypertension vs. Normotension was evaluated on Abdominal aortic strain caudal to the left renal artery (K_AoSt) (p=< .05). Systemic hypertension in dogs was associated with significantly lower abdominal aortic strain compared to normotensive dogs (K_AoSt 7.4 vs 10.3; P<0.05).
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