Key result
Apexcardiogram analysis revealed distinct waveform patterns, including a high A Wave Ratio in primary myocardial disease and longer Isometric Contraction Time in aortic stenosis compared to insufficiency.
Why the study?
What are the apexcardiogram characteristics in various heart diseases compared to healthy individuals?
Observational (n=344)
What are the apexcardiogram characteristics in various heart diseases compared to healthy individuals?
Apexcardiogram parameters such as A Wave Ratio and Isometric Contraction Time show distinct patterns across different structural and ischemic heart diseases.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Apexcardiogram patterns may aid differentiation of myocardial and valvular diseases; leaves open validation against contemporary imaging before any clinical role.
Apexcardiogram (ACG) in 324 patients with various circulatory disorders and 20 young healthy males were analysed under classification by Benchimol and Dimond, Ahuja and Miguel. Average value of the A Wave Ratio (AWR) was relatively high, in so-called Primary Myocardial Disease and congenital heart diseases. Large A wave was observed in the patients with IHSS, third or fourth sound, observed in ischemic heart diseases, and especially Primary Myocardial Disease. Isometric Contraction Time (ICT) by the method of Ahuja was slightly longer in AS than AI, and in MI than MS, respectively. In mitral valvular diseases, O point coincided with opening snap in almost one half of the cases, but pre-existed in else. Inclination of the Diastolic Filling Wave was significantly higher in MI than MS. Relationship between apexcardiogram and esophagocardiogram in cardiovascular diseases were referred.
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Katsuya Kobayashi (1971) conducted an observational in Circulatory disorders (n=344). Apexcardiogram (ACG) vs. Healthy controls was evaluated on Apexcardiogram waveform parameters (A Wave Ratio, Isometric Contraction Time, Diastolic Filling Wave). Apexcardiogram analysis revealed distinct waveform patterns, including a high A Wave Ratio in primary myocardial disease and longer Isometric Contraction Time in aortic stenosis compared to insufficiency.
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