Experimental synthesis demonstrates strong cation cooperativity in a dual-site calix[4]arene receptor, highlighting mechanisms for selective molecular recognition.
The new calix[4]arene derivatives 6 and 9, which are both readily prepared from the cone conformations of calix[4]arene tetra-ethers, are both ionophores which show some Na+/K+ selectivity; the derivative 6 with two cation binding sites shows evidence for cooperativity between the two mechanically linked sites.
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Gleave et al. (1994) studied this question.