Key result
Endovascular interventions have replaced traditional radiotherapy as the first line of management for superior vena cava syndrome, which is most commonly caused by malignancy.
Why the study?
Despite advances in imaging and endovascular interventions, the management of superior vena cava syndrome remains challenging and requires a multidisciplinary approach.
This review highlights that while malignancies are the primary cause of SVCS, benign causes are increasing, and management requires a multidisciplinary approach utilizing advanced imaging and endovascular interventions.
SVCS requires multidisciplinary management amid rising benign causes; leaves open prospective data on optimal endovascular strategies.
Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is a condition resulting from obstruction or compression of the superior vena cava, leading to venous congestion of the head, neck, and upper extremities. This review provides a comprehensive discussion on the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and management strategies for SVCS. Advances in imaging and endovascular interventions have improved the diagnosis and treatment of SVCS. Although malignancies remain the leading cause, benign etiologies have gained significance in the modern era. Despite these advancements, the treatment of SVCS remains challenging, requiring a multidisciplinary approach.
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V A Kothiwale (2025) conducted a review in Superior vena cava syndrome. Endovascular interventions, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy was evaluated. Endovascular interventions have replaced traditional radiotherapy as the first line of management for superior vena cava syndrome, which is most commonly caused by malignancy.
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