Key result
Endovascular therapy has emerged as the standard of care for malignancy-related superior vena cava syndrome, offering rapid symptom relief with a high technical success rate of 95% to 100%.
Why the study?
SVCS causes significant morbidity and mortality, is most commonly secondary to malignancy, and can be the initial presentation of undiagnosed tumors.
Endovascular therapy has replaced radiation therapy as the standard of care for rapid and effective symptom relief in patients with malignancy-related superior vena cava syndrome.
Supports endovascular therapy for malignancy-related SVC syndrome; leaves open randomized confirmation versus radiation.
Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is a clinical entity characterized by signs and symptoms arising from the obstruction or occlusion of the thin-walled superior vena cava (SVC) and can result in significant morbidity and mortality. Despite the rise of benign cases of SVCS, as a thrombotic complication of intravascular devices, it is most commonly seen secondary to malignancy as a consequence of thrombosis, direct invasion of tumor cells inside the vessel, or external compression. SVCS can be the initial presentation of a previously undiagnosed tumor in up to 60% of cases. Lung cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) are responsible for up to 85%-90% of malignancy-related SVCS, while metastatic cancers account for approximately 10%. Herein, we review the pathophysiology, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of malignancy-related SVCS.
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Patriarcheas et al. (2022) conducted a review in Malignant Superior Vena Cava Syndrome. Endovascular therapy vs. Radiation therapy or chemotherapy (historical) was evaluated. Endovascular therapy has emerged as the standard of care for malignancy-related superior vena cava syndrome, offering rapid symptom relief with a high technical success rate of 95% to 100%.
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