Phytochemical screening and antidiabetic potentiality of Pavetta indica L. (Angiosperms: Rubiaceae) methanol extract on streptozotocin induced diabetic mice

In the present study, the methanolic leaves extract of Pavetta indica L. (PI) was studied for antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic mice. The dried leaves were powdered and extracted with methanol solvent by using Soxhlet method. Preliminary phytochemical investigation was carried out for determination of presence of bioactive constituents. Thereafter, the acute toxicity study was conducted for the selection of the dose and further the activity was studied as per OECD guideline. The antidiabetic activity was performed in STZ induced diabetic rats at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) p.o. per day for 28 days. The fasting blood glucose levels (BGL), serum insulin level followed by biochemical parameters, viz., glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoproteins (HDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) were evaluated and all the results were compared with standard glibenclamide (10 mg/kg b.w.). AST (aspartate aminotransferase), ALT (alanine aminotransferase), and ALP (alkaline phosphatase) levels were also estimated. The leaves methanol extract of PI (MEPI) showed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrate, flavonoids, phenolic and tannins. Further, the results indicated significant increase in the body weight, liver glycogen, serum insulin and HDL levels and decrease in blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol and serum triglycerides when compared with glibenclamide. MEPI at both the doses (200 and 400 mg/kg) showed a significant decrease in glucose, AST, ALT, and ALP levels in diabetic mice and finally concluded that PI has potential antidiabetic activity in STZ induced diabetes.