The formation of the unsaturated helium II film has been studied by measurements of superfluidity and adsorption isotherms on glass between 1·35°k and 2·27δk. Whereas with decreasing percentage saturation the onset of superflow is depressed to lower temperatures, the coverage shows a discontinuity at the normal lambda-point of the bulk liquid. Formation of liquid clusters has been advanced as a possible explanation and the existence of an anomalous surface tension effect has been suggested.
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Brewer et al. (1953) studied this question.
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