Renal potassium channels: An overview

The introduction of the patch-clamp technique by Neher and Sackmann [1, 2] has led to the successful exploration of potassium (K) channels in the kidney, allowing the definition of their properties, localization along the nephron and their regulation [3–6]. Such information has been useful in understanding not only important aspects of K transport in the kidney, but also has provided new insights into the mechanisms by which ion and fluid homeostasis of tubule cells is achieved [5]. In this brief overview, the principles of the patch-clamp technique are described, attention drawn to the role of K channels in various tubule functions, and the sites and properties of specific K channels along the nephron defined to highlight key aspects of their physiological regulation.