The metabolites of Talaromycesflavus: Part 1. Metabolites of the organic extracts

The soil fungus Talaromycesflavus (Klöcker) Stolk and Samson is an effective biological control for Verticillium wilt of eggplant (Solanummelongena L.), a disease caused by the fungus Verticilliumdahliae Kleb. The organic soluble metabolites produced when the fungus is grown in liquid still culture include D-glucono-1,4-lactone (1), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5), the previously unreported tetraketides, 4,6-dihydroxy-5-methylphthalide (3) and methyl 4-carboxy-5-hydroxyphthalaldehydate (8), a hexaketide, 7-hydroxy-2,5-dimethylchromone (6), and a metabolite believed to be 3-hydroxymethyl-6,8-dimethoxycoumarin (10). A number of higher order polyketides have been isolated including altenusin (11), dehydroaltenusin (12), and the previously unreported desmethyldehydroaltenusin (14). A structurally and biosynthetically interesting spirocyclic metabolite, which we have named talaroflavone (16), as well as a related compound, deoxytalaroflavone (18), have also been obtained.