Key result
Candidate serotype-3 rotavirus vaccine elicits serotype 3 antibodies in ~72% of samples, suggesting heterotypic immunity.
Why the study?
Does a candidate serotype-3 rotavirus vaccine elicit epitope-specific immune responses to serotypes 1, 2, and 3 in children?
Observational
Does a candidate serotype-3 rotavirus vaccine elicit epitope-specific immune responses to serotypes 1, 2, and 3 in children?
A candidate serotype-3 rotavirus vaccine primarily elicits homotypic immune responses, though the presence of VP3-specific antibodies suggests a potential mechanism for heterotypic immunity.
Does not support changes to rotavirus vaccination; leaves open whether VP3 antibodies confer meaningful heterotypic protection.
Rotavirus gastroenteritis is a leading cause of infant mortality in developing countries and an important cause of morbidity in children under 2 yr of age in the United States. Vaccine programs have evaluated animal rotavirus strains that are attenuated in humans but antigenically similar to some human strains. Whether a single vaccine strain can elicit protective immunity in humans to rotaviruses of the same or different serotypes is an important question in determining vaccine efficacy. We used characterized serotype-specific monoclonal antibodies directed at VP7 in a competitive solid-phase immunoassay to measure epitope-specific immune responses to serotypes 1, 2, and 3 in sera of children who received a candidate serotype-3 rotavirus vaccine. Antibodies to serotype 3 were detected in 72% of sera samples, and to serotype 1 and 2 in only 11% each. Also, a VP3-specific monoclonal antibody which neutralizes three serotypically distinct strains of rotavirus was used to detect the presence of similar antibodies in 56% of the test sera. This finding suggests a mechanism of heterotypic immunity.
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Shaw et al. (1987) conducted an observational in Rotavirus gastroenteritis. Candidate serotype-3 rotavirus vaccine was evaluated on Epitope-specific immune responses to serotypes 1, 2, and 3. A candidate serotype-3 rotavirus vaccine elicited serotype 3 antibodies in 72% of sera samples, and serotype 1 and 2 antibodies in 11% each, suggesting a mechanism of heterotypic immunity.