What does this research mean for the field?

The bidirectional velocity probe exhibits deviations from the traditionally accepted asymptotic flow coefficient of 1.08, necessitating individual probe calibration and rigorous uncertainty quantification for accurate gas-phase velocity measurements in fire research. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.CONTRADICTORY. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.CHALLENGES_CONSENSUS.

What question did this study set out to answer?

To comprehensively evaluate the measurement uncertainty, angular response, and Reynolds number dependence of bidirectional velocity probes using the GUM framework.

September 10, 2026Applications in Energy and Combustion ScienceOpen Access

50 years of gas-phase velocity measurements in fire science: Revisiting the bidirectional probe

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Authors

MVMartin Veit ALAndrea Lucherini FKFriderik Knez

Discussion

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Overview

Experimental calibration reveals systematic deviations from standard flow coefficients in bidirectional velocity probes, highlighting the necessity of individualized calibration in fire testing.

Key Points

To comprehensively evaluate the measurement uncertainty, angular response, and Reynolds number dependence of bidirectional velocity probes using the GUM framework.
Calibrated four probe diameters in an open-jet wind tunnel across a Reynolds number range of 100 ≤ Re ≤ 8400.
Tested incident flow angles ranging from −60° to +60° relative to the stream direction.
Developed a phenomenological model to incorporate angular sensitivity into the overall uncertainty budget via the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement framework.
Observed systematic deviations from the traditionally assumed asymptotic flow coefficient of 1.08 across the tested Reynolds numbers.
Measured a combined expanded uncertainty in the flow coefficient of approximately 2% with a coverage factor of k = 2.
Demonstrated that measurement uncertainty increases substantially under dynamic conditions, reinforcing the need for individual probe calibration.

Cite This Study

Veit et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aa27a5658559d80afc72e8d https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaecs.2026.100560

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September 10, 2026Applications in Energy and Combustion ScienceOpen Access

50 years of gas-phase velocity measurements in fire science: Revisiting the bidirectional probe

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark

Authors

MVMartin Veit ALAndrea Lucherini FKFriderik Knez

Discussion

Member takes

Overview

Experimental calibration reveals systematic deviations from standard flow coefficients in bidirectional velocity probes, highlighting the necessity of individualized calibration in fire testing.

Key Points

To comprehensively evaluate the measurement uncertainty, angular response, and Reynolds number dependence of bidirectional velocity probes using the GUM framework.
Calibrated four probe diameters in an open-jet wind tunnel across a Reynolds number range of 100 ≤ Re ≤ 8400.
Tested incident flow angles ranging from −60° to +60° relative to the stream direction.
Developed a phenomenological model to incorporate angular sensitivity into the overall uncertainty budget via the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement framework.
Observed systematic deviations from the traditionally assumed asymptotic flow coefficient of 1.08 across the tested Reynolds numbers.
Measured a combined expanded uncertainty in the flow coefficient of approximately 2% with a coverage factor of k = 2.
Demonstrated that measurement uncertainty increases substantially under dynamic conditions, reinforcing the need for individual probe calibration.

Cite This Study

Veit et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aa27a5658559d80afc72e8d https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaecs.2026.100560

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark