Key result
Sensitive assays detect no HIV-1 or SIV in oral poliovirus vaccines from 1976 to 1989.
Testing of oral poliovirus vaccine lots from 1976-1989 found no evidence of contamination with HIV-1 or SIV, refuting allegations of vaccine-mediated transmission.
Although there is no evidence for transmission of mammalian retroviruses to humans via vaccine immunization, the allegations of contamination of oral poliovirus vaccines with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 or a hypothetical progenitor virus from monkeys has created controversy and dispute regarding the origin of AIDS in humans. Twelve monovalent lots of live, attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine types 1, 2, and 3, which were released for use by a North American manufacturer between 1976-1989, were tested for the presence of HIV-1 and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). HIV/SIV were not detected in these monovalent poliovirus vaccine lots with the reverse transcriptase assay, a general detection assay, and highly sensitive and specific polymerase chain reaction assays.
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Khan et al. (1996) studied HIV and SIV contamination (n=12). Live, attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine was evaluated on Presence of HIV-1 and SIV. HIV-1 and SIV were not detected in 12 lots of live, attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine released between 1976 and 1989 using highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction and reverse transcriptase assays.
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