Key result
Higher fluid intake is linked to ~4 mmHg lower SBP in children with high sodium intake.
Why the study?
Sodium intake contributes to hypertension, and increasing renal sodium excretion via increased fluid intake may represent a potential preventive or therapeutic opportunity to lower blood pressure.
Does higher fluid intake reduce blood pressure in healthy children with high sodium intake?
Cross-Sectional (n=223)
Yes
Does higher fluid intake reduce blood pressure in healthy children with high sodium intake?
Increased fluid intake is associated with lower blood pressure in healthy children with high sodium intake, suggesting a simple, inexpensive measure for hypertension prevention.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports hypothesis that fluid intake modulates BP in high-sodium children; leaves open causality and clinical recommendations pending trials.
BACKGROUND: Sodium intake is known to contribute to the development of hypertension, thus intake reduction is a cornerstone in the prevention and management of hypertension. The increase in renal sodium excretion might represent a further potential preventive and/or therapeutic opportunity. OBJECTIVE: To explore the working hypothesis that an increased fluid intake can improve renal sodium handling towards a decrease in blood pressure. METHODS: The SPA Project is a multicenter, observational, cross-sectional, cohort study investigating healthy children, aged 5-8 years as to sodium and fluid intake by means of urinary sodium and creatinine from multiple samples taken in different days in order to characterize them in lower/higher sodium and lower/higher fluid intake. Both SBP and DBP (by multiple office blood pressure measurements) were used as outcome measures. RESULTS: Three hundred and thirty-nine healthy, nonoverweight children (51.6% boys) with a median age of 5.7 years old (IQR: 5.3-6.2) participated in the study but only 223 could be analyzed. Among children with higher sodium intake, those introducing more fluids, showed a significantly lower blood pressure (both systolic and diastolic) compared with those with lower fluid intake: systolic 86.0 ± 8.5 vs. 90.0 ± 8.1 mmHg; P = 0.014 and diastolic: 53.8 ± 4.9 vs. 58.6 ± 6.6 mmHg; P < 0.0001. CONCLUSION: An increased fluid intake is associated with a reduced blood pressure possibly by increasing renal sodium excretion. We speculate that this simple, highly acceptable, inexpensive, and harmless measure might have a role in preventing and/or minimizing the epidemics of hypertension and of its related morbidities both in children and in adults.
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Ardissino et al. (2021) conducted a cross-sectional in Healthy children (n=223). Higher fluid intake vs. Lower fluid intake was evaluated on Systolic blood pressure (p=0.014). Among children with higher sodium intake, higher fluid intake was associated with lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
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