Key result
Restriction fragment length polymorphisms at the apo AI-CIII, apo B100, and insulin genes showed no significant differences between CHD patients and controls, though some genotypes correlated with higher lipids.
Why the study?
Are restriction fragment length polymorphisms at the apoprotein genes AI, CIII, B-100, and the insulin gene associated with coronary heart disease or lipid levels in a German population?
Case-Control (n=700)
Are restriction fragment length polymorphisms at the apoprotein genes AI, CIII, B-100, and the insulin gene associated with coronary heart disease or lipid levels in a German population?
While specific RFLPs in apolipoprotein and insulin genes were not directly associated with CHD prevalence, they were linked to elevated serum cholesterol and triglycerides in patients with CHD.
Several sequence variations were examined for being endogenous “risk markers” in the development of CHD. The “markers” in this study included: the PstI‐SstI RFLPs in the apo AI‐CIII gene cluster, the EcoRI‐MspI RFLPs in the apo B100 gene and the SstI RFLP in the 5‘ flanking region of the insulin gene. The study population comprised 700 individuals of German origin. A strong association of these “markers” to the disease phenotype predicts their loss in healthy individuals with ages above that of the prevalent incidence of CHD. In contrast, these “markers” should accumulate in diseased persons. A significant age‐dependent selection was observed for the EcoRI RFLP in the apo B100 gene. This was the case when the allele and genotype frequencies of healthy old individuals were compared with those of newborns. In contrast, no RFLP showed significant differences in allele and genotype distributions between patients defined by coronary angiography and controls. In the group of patients, but not controls, several RFLP genotypes were found to be associated with significantly higher serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. This was true in the case of serum cholesterol comparing the genotypes S1S2 with those of S1S1 (p=0.05) observed for the SstI polymorphic site in the 3’ noncoding region of the apo CIII gene. Significantly higher levels of triglycerides were found within the heterozygous patients P1P2 (p=0.045) and S1S2 (p=0.02) than in the homozygotes P1P1 and S1S1 for the PstI‐SstI RFLPs at the apo AI‐CIII gene cluster. The SstI RFLP in the 5‘ flanking region of the insulin gene also revealed significantly higher values of triglycerides among the patients with the genotype UU compared to the heterozygotes LU (p=0.005) and to the homozygotes LL (p=0.0008). Among the patients, the combined genotype P1P2 S1S2 for the PstI‐SstI RFLPs at the apo AI‐CIII genes first had higher serum cholesterol levels than the genotype P1P2 S1S1 (p=0.02) and secondly had higher values of serum triglycerides compared to the genotypes: P1P1 S1S1 (p=0.01), P1P2 S1S1 (p=0.02) and P1P1 S1S2 (p=0.03).
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Wick et al. (1995) conducted a case-control in Coronary heart disease (n=700). RFLPs at the apo AI-CIII, apo B100, and insulin genes vs. Controls and alternative genotypes was evaluated on Allele and genotype distributions between patients and controls. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms at the apo AI-CIII, apo B100, and insulin genes showed no significant differences between CHD patients and controls, though some genotypes correlated with higher lipids.
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