Key result
Human rotavirus vaccine introduction linked to ~48% fewer all-cause gastroenteritis hospitalizations in infants.
Why the study?
Does human rotavirus vaccine introduction reduce hospitalizations from all-cause gastroenteritis in children younger than 5 years of age?
Observational
Yes
Does human rotavirus vaccine introduction reduce hospitalizations from all-cause gastroenteritis in children younger than 5 years of age?
Effect estimate: 48% reduction in 2007
The introduction of the human rotavirus vaccine in Brazil was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause gastroenteritis hospitalizations among children under 1 year of age.
May support rotavirus vaccination programs in similar settings; leaves open need for controlled studies to confirm causality.
Rotavirus vaccination was introduced in Brazil in March 2006. We describe trends in hospitalizations from all-cause gastroenteritis in children younger than 5 years during pre- and postvaccination periods using hospital discharge data from Brazil Hospital Information System (SIH-SUS). A reduction in gastroenteritis hospitalizations of 26% and 48% in 2006 and in 2007, respectively, was observed among children younger than 1 year compared with prevaccination period (1998-2005). The largest reduction rates among children younger than 1 year were noted in the South and Southeast regions, approximately 56% in 2007, where vaccine coverage was the highest.
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Lanzieri et al. (2010) conducted an observational in All-cause gastroenteritis. Human rotavirus vaccine introduction vs. Prevaccination period (1998-2005) was evaluated on Hospitalizations from all-cause gastroenteritis (48% reduction in 2007). Human rotavirus vaccine introduction in Brazil was associated with a 48% reduction in all-cause gastroenteritis hospitalizations among children younger than 1 year in 2007 compared to 1998-2005.
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