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September 14, 2026Pediatric InvestigationOpen Access

Artificial intelligence interaction is not equivalent to social interaction: Rethinking artificial intelligence‐mediated digital exposure in early childhood

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Authors

AÇAyhan ÇeriMaternity and Children's HospitalHYHüseyin YılmazKonya Numune Hastanesi

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Implication

Narrative review reveals that artificial intelligence provides cognitive stimulation but lacks emotional reciprocity in young children, highlighting the need for interaction quality metrics.

Key Points

  • Synthesize evidence on traditional digital media and emerging artificial intelligence interactions to establish a developmental framework differentiating artificial intelligence engagement from standard screen exposure in early childhood.
  • Narrative review synthesizing existing literature on early childhood digital media exposure and emerging findings on artificial intelligence-based interactive systems.
  • Conceptual analysis evaluating cognitive and socioemotional developmental trade-offs across passive, interactive, and artificial intelligence-driven digital formats.
  • Traditional screen exposure is linked to adverse developmental outcomes in attention regulation, language acquisition, and social interaction, with effects moderated by parental involvement and content quality.
  • Artificial intelligence interactions offer adaptive personalization that enhances cognitive engagement and problem-solving, yet lack emotional reciprocity and create a superficial illusion of social connection.
  • A spectrum model indicates a persistent developmental trade-off, where increasing media-driven cognitive stimulation occurs alongside reduced opportunities for authentic social development.

Cite This Study

Çeri et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aa7b3bf0926e14a848b2d87https://doi.org/10.1002/ped4.70086
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