Key result
Self-reported exhaustion linked to ~800% higher risk of cardiac death within 10 months.
Why the study?
Excess fatigue is the most prevalent precursor of sudden cardiac death and may reflect prolonged tension or heart disease, requiring investigation.
Does self-reported exhaustion predict the risk of cardiac death in middle-aged men free of coronary heart disease?
Cohort (n=3,365)
Does self-reported exhaustion predict the risk of cardiac death in middle-aged men free of coronary heart disease?
Hazard Ratio: 8.96
Self-reported exhaustion is a strong, time-dependent predictor of short-term cardiac death among middle-aged men without baseline coronary heart disease.
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Exhaustion signals high short-term cardiac death risk in middle-aged men without CHD; this observational link leaves open whether screening improves outcomes.
Appels et al. (1992) conducted a cohort in Free of coronary heart disease (n=3,365). Exhaustion vs. No exhaustion was evaluated on Cardiac death (HR 8.96). Exhaustion significantly increased the risk of cardiac death, with hazard ratios of 8.96, 6.33, 4.47, and 3.16 for the first 10, 20, 30, and 40 months of follow-up, respectively.
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