Cardiac failure and sudden death in the Framingham Study
Key result
Cardiac failure linked to ~9-fold higher sudden death risk, further elevated by concurrent CHD.
- 9-fold increased risk
- n=5,209
Why the study?
Mortality patterns and risk of sudden death in patients with cardiac failure and associated risk factors were not fully characterized in a large community-based cohort.
Does cardiac failure increase the risk of sudden death in a general population cohort?
Population
5209 subjects in the Framingham study including 232 men and 229 women who developed cardiac failure
Comparison
Patients with cardiac failure versus general population
Design
Cohort study
Follow-up
30 years
Authors
Discussion
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Member takes
Implication
HF patients warrant sudden death vigilance; leaves open contemporary prevention strategies and mechanisms.
Study Design
Type
Cohort (n=5,209)
Structured PICO
Does cardiac failure increase the risk of sudden death in a general population cohort?
P
Population
5,209 subjects in the Framingham study followed for 30 years to examine mortality and sudden death associated with cardiac failure.
O
Outcome
Mortality and sudden deathhard clinical
Main Result
Relative Risk: 9
Cardiac failure is associated with a markedly increased risk of sudden death that is not entirely explained by shared modifiable risk factors.
Cite This Study
Kannel et al. (1988) conducted a cohort in Cardiac failure (n=5,209). Cardiac failure vs. General age-adjusted population was evaluated on Sudden death (9-fold increased risk). Cardiac failure increased the risk of sudden death ninefold compared to the general age-adjusted population, with a further doubling of risk when coronary heart disease was also present.