Key result
Formins exhibit emerging roles in nuclear actin assembly and actin-independent functions.
Why the study?
Emerging evidence indicates formins have novel nuclear and perinuclear functions beyond their established cytoskeletal roles, necessitating a summary of these findings.
This review highlights the emerging biology of formins beyond their traditional role as cytoskeletal regulators, focusing on novel nuclear and actin-independent functions.
Nuclear formin functions merit study in cardiovascular cells; leaves open any role in disease progression or therapy.
Formin family proteins (formins) represent an evolutionary conserved protein family encoded in the genome of a wide range of eukaryotes. Formins are hallmarked by a formin homology 1 (FH1) domain juxtaposed to an FH2 domain whereby they control actin and microtubule dynamics. Not surprisingly, formins are best known as key regulators of the cytoskeleton in a variety of morphogenetic processes. However, mounting evidence implicates several formins in the assembly and organization of actin within and around the nucleus. In addition, actin-independent roles for formins have recently been discovered. In this mini-review, we summarize these findings and highlight the novel nuclear and perinulcear functions of formins. In light of the emerging new biology of formins, we also discuss the fundamental principles governing the versatile activity and multimodal regulation of these proteins.
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Isogai et al. (2016) reported a review. Formins was evaluated. Formins have emerging roles in the assembly and organization of actin within and around the nucleus, as well as actin-independent functions.
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