Key result
Insulin and infection regulate human adipocyte CTRP-3, which modulates resistin secretion and lipolysis.
Why the study?
The role and regulation of the novel adipokine CTRP-3 in human adipocytes under metabolic and infection-related conditions were not fully understood.
CTRP-3 is a novel adipokine expressed in human adipocytes that regulates lipolysis and adipokine secretion, and is modulated by metabolic and inflammatory factors.
CTRP-3 regulation of adipocyte function merits human validation; animal data leave open any therapeutic implications.
BACKGROUND: The growing family of C1Q/TNF-related proteins is characterized by structural homologies to the anti-inflammatory adipokine adiponectin. CTRP-3 was recently reported to function as an anti-inflammatory LPS-antagonist in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Human subcutaneous and visceral adipocytes and murine 3T3-L1 adipocytes were used for analysis of CTRP-3 expression and function. Western blot analysis of CTRP-3, siRNA mediated knockdown of CTRP-3, Oil red O staining, assessment of basal and epinephrine-induced lipolysis, ELISA-based measurements of supernatant chemokines, recombinant CTRP-3 protein expression, and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection assays were used. RESULTS: CTRP-3 is expressed in subcutaneous and visceral adipocytes. CTRP-3 is positively regulated by insulin, whereas chronic LPS-exposure inhibits terminal adipocyte differentiation and CTRP-3 expression. Intracellular infection of adipocytes by S. aureus also decreases CTRP-3 expression. As demonstrated by siRNA-mediated cellular knockdown of CTRP-3 in adipocytes, CTRP-3 regulates resistin secretion and lipolysis. CONCLUSION: CTRP-3 is expressed in human adipocytes and plays an important role in adipocyte physiology such as lipolysis and adipokine secretion. Both, metabolic factors and infection/inflammation-related factors regulate CTRP-3 expression.
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Schmid et al. (2012) studied this question. siRNA-mediated knockdown of CTRP-3 was evaluated on CTRP-3 expression, resistin secretion, and lipolysis. CTRP-3 is expressed in human adipocytes, regulated by insulin and infection-related factors, and its knockdown demonstrates a role in regulating resistin secretion and lipolysis.
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