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July 7, 2025BMC Cardiovascular DisordersOpen Access

U.S. mortality linked to combined obesity and hypertension increased ~273% from 2000 to 2019.

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Why the study?

Despite advances in therapies and public health, the joint mortality burden of obesity and hypertension in the U.S. remains substantial and requires characterization of national trends and disparities.

Population

254,116 obesity- and hypertension-related deaths in U.S. adults aged ≥ 25 years from 2000 to 2019

Comparison

Mortality trends stratified by sex, race/ethnicity, urban-rural classification, and U.S. Census region

Design

Retrospective descriptive study using CDC WONDER multiple cause-of-death data

Follow-up

20 years

Key result

The combined age-adjusted mortality rate for obesity and hypertension in the U.S. increased significantly from 2.58 to 9.62 per 100,000 population between 2000 and 2019 (AAPC 7.31).

Authors

RNRayyan NabiAZAlina ZanubMAMuzamil Akhtar

Discussion

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Overview

Rising combined mortality with sex, racial, and rural disparities signals urgent prevention needs; observational trends leave open optimal intervention targets.

Study Design

Type

Observational (n=254,116)

Structured PICO

P
Population
254,116 adults aged 25 years and older in the United States with obesity- and hypertension-related deaths recorded between 2000 and 2019.
O
Outcome
Obesity- and hypertension-related deaths (Crude Mortality Rates and Age-Adjusted Mortality Rates per 100,000 population)hard clinical

Main Result

Effect estimate: AAPC 7.31 (95% CI 6.66-7.97)

Absolute Event Rate: 9.62% vs 2.58%

p-value: p=<0.05

Obesity- and hypertension-related mortality in U.S. adults increased significantly from 2000 to 2019, highlighting a growing public health crisis with pronounced demographic and geographic disparities.

Limitations

  • Findings cannot be generalized to other countries or regions
  • Unable to assess the influence of potential confounders like socioeconomic status, healthcare access, or other comorbidities
  • Reliance on ICD-10 codes may be subject to misclassification
  • Death certificates do not report data regarding the control of hypertension, preventing differentiation between controlled and uncontrolled hypertension

Cite This Study

Nabi et al. (2025) conducted an observational in Obesity and hypertension-related mortality (n=254,116). Obesity and hypertension vs. Year 2000 was evaluated on Age-Adjusted Mortality Rate (AAMR) per 100,000 population (AAPC 7.31, 95% CI 6.66-7.97, p=<0.05). The combined age-adjusted mortality rate for obesity and hypertension in the U.S. increased significantly from 2.58 to 9.62 per 100,000 population between 2000 and 2019 (AAPC 7.31).

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aab498cdc93e52ac06e606chttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04909-z
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Abstract TAC170: Demographic and Regional Trends of Mortality in Patients with Obesity and Hypertension in the United States from 1999 to 2020: A CDC WONDER Analysis2025
  2. 2Mortality Trends Among US Adults With Obesity and Hypertensive Diseases Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic (1999-2020)2026
  3. 3Trends and disparities in mortality due to hypertensive disease and coexisting obesity in the USA: 1999–20232025
  4. 4Mortality Trends and Disparities for Essential Hypertension with Obesity in the United States (1999&amp;ndash;2020)2025
  5. 5Disparities in obesity-related cardiovascular-induced mortality trends in the U.S. of America over two decades2026